EFFECTS OF LIGNOCAINE NEBULIZATION VERSUS DEXMEDETOMIDINE NEBULIZATION IN BLUNTING HEMODYNAMIC RESPONSE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING NASOTRACHEAL INTUBATION IN HEAD AND NECK SURGERIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2026v19i2.57228Keywords:
Nebulized dexmedetomidine, Lignocaine, Hemodynamic responseAbstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of nebulized lignocaine and dexmedetomidine in attenuating the hemodynamic response to nasotracheal intubation in patients undergoing head and neck surgeries.
Methods: This prospective interventional comparative study included 192 ASA I–II patients aged 18–60 years scheduled for head and neck surgeries under general anesthesia. Patients were allocated to receive nebulization with lignocaine 1.5 mg/kg, dexmedetomidine 2 μg/kg, or normal saline (control) 15 min before intubation. Hemodynamic parameters – heart rate (HR), systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures – were recorded at baseline, pre-intubation, and at 1, 5, 10, and 15 min post-intubation. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and Chi-square tests, with p<0.05 considered significant.
Results: Baseline characteristics were comparable among the groups. Dexmedetomidine nebulization produced significantly greater attenuation of increases in HR and blood pressure at all post-intubation time points compared with lignocaine and control (p<0.001). Lignocaine provided partial attenuation, whereas the control group displayed marked hemodynamic surges. Adverse events were minimal, with only mild, self-limiting bradycardia in the dexmedetomidine group.
Conclusion: Nebulized dexmedetomidine is more effective than lignocaine in blunting the hemodynamic response to nasotracheal intubation and represents a safe, non-invasive strategy for achieving perioperative hemodynamic stability.
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