PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF COMBINED MIXTURE OF FRACTIONS FOR ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY POTENTIAL IN RODENT MODELS

ISHAN AGGARWAL; SUKIRTI UPADHYAY; ARVIND KUMAR

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2025v18i12.57268

Authors

ISHAN AGGARWAL Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4507-9356
SUKIRTI UPADHYAY Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4465-2161
ARVIND KUMAR Department of Pharmacy, S.D. College of Pharmacy and Vocational Studies, Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8188-9758

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2025v18i12.57268

Keywords:

Piper nigrum, Melia azedarach, Azadirachta indica, Piper longum, Anti-inflammatory, Polyherbal synergy

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this research was to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of a combination mixture of fractions (CMF) from the fruits of Piper nigrum, Piper longum, Melia azedarach, and Azadirachta indica; and to investigate pharmacology rationale for the CMFs for analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, which will be used as an anti-hemorrhoid treatment in future investigations as a potential candidate of choice.

Methods: Five simulated combinations termed A plus B; C plus D (CMF doses 2:2:1:1, Piperaceae enriched) (400 mg); CMF doses 1:1:2:2 (Meliceae enriched) (400 mg) and CMF (1:1:1:1) (400 mg) were evaluated for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. The hot plate and tail immersion methods were used to test for analgesic effect that the created formulation would have. Formalin and carrageenan-induced paw edema in Wistar rats was used to test for anti-inflammatory activity. For the statistical analysis, we used one-way analysis of variance and Dunnett’s test.

Results: All the combinations of extract were significantly (p<0.05) soothing and anti-inflammatory as compared to the control. The Piperaceae-enriched (2:2:1:1) and Meliaceae-enriched (1:1:2:2) mixtures had the highest effect, comparable to Pentazocine and Aspirin. Both formulations significantly slowed down the reaction time when it comes to pain models. Furthermore, they decreased paw edema volume in inflammation models.

Conclusion: The CMF formulations demonstrated potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects across all experimental models. The enriched ratios (2:2:1:1 and 1:1:2:2) produced the strongest responses, indicating synergistic benefits from combining the plant fractions. These findings support CMF as a promising natural candidate for further development as an anti-hemorrhoid treatment.

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