ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES GEL FROM CRAB SHELL WASTE (PORTUNUS PELAGICUS) AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND ESCHERICHIA COLI BACTERIA

YUSAN L. Y.; SUBAGIO H.

doi:10.22159/ijap.2025v17i3.52745

Authors

YUSAN L. Y. Program Study of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1134-922X
SUBAGIO H. Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Engineering and Marine Science, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5235-3391

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2025v17i3.52745

Keywords:

Chitosan nanoparticles gel, Portunus pelagicus, Antibacterial activity, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to develop a chitosan nanoparticle gel from crab shell waste (Portunus pelagicus) by testing the anti-bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

Methods: Chitosan nanoparticles gel formulation was made using spontaneous method. The gel formulation used 1% concentration of chitosan nanoparticles. Optimization of gel base and formula, including organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH determination, adhesion, spreadability and viscosity test were evaluated. Anti-bacterial activity was determined against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria.

Results: The results showed that the formulation produced a stable gel with semisolid characteristics without any coarse grains, clear white and homogeneous. The pH of the formula was 5.94-6.46 and included the type of Oil in Water (O/W) gel. The formula showed adhesion of 1.05-1.97 seconds, spreadability of 5.33-5.00 cm and viscosity ranging from 7444-7792 cp. Chitosan nanoparticles gel showed the highest anti-bacterial activity with the zone of inhibition on Staphylococcus aureus of 15.37±1.34 mm and Escherichia coli of 18.33±0.25 mm with 250 mg chitosan nanoparticles gel.

Conclusion: Portunus pelagicus shell waste chitosan nanoparticles produced a stable gel and showed moderate anti-bacterial activity with the highest inhibition zone at 250 mg.

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