ACTIVITY ASSAY AND IDENTIFICATION OF LARVICIDAL AND REPELLENT COMPOUND GROUPS OF MARIGOLD FLOWER (TAGETES ERECTA L.)

UWAN PURNAMA; SORAYA RIYANTI; FAHRAUK FARAMAYUDA

doi:10.22159/ijap.2025.v17s1.23

Authors

UWAN PURNAMA Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani (UNJANI), Cimahi, West Java-40532, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2545-0126
SORAYA RIYANTI Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani (UNJANI), Cimahi, West Java-40532, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8105-047X
FAHRAUK FARAMAYUDA Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani (UNJANI), Cimahi, West Java-40532, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4411-5550

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2025.v17s1.23

Keywords:

Tagetes erecta L., Repellent, Larvicide, n-hexane fraction, Monoterpene

Abstract

Objective: The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the primary vector for spreading the dengue virus, which causes Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) is a plant with potential as a biopesticide. This study aims to determine marigold's larvicidal and repellent activities and identify the chemical groups responsible.

Methods: Extraction was performed using the maceration method with 96% ethanol. Fractionation was carried out using the Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE) method with three solvents: n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. Fraction separation utilized Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC), followed by classical column chromatography, and compound groups were identified through Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) monitoring. Larvicidal tests were conducted using samples of the Mariold Flowers Extract (MFE), n-Hexane Fraction (nHF), Ethyl Acetate Fraction (EAF), and Water Fraction (W. F.). Repellent testing was conducted using samples of the MFE and nHF at 1% and 2% concentrations.

Results: Phytochemical screening identified flavonoids, polyphenols, steroids/triterpenoids, monoterpenoids, and sesquiterpenoids in MFE. The nHF showed the highest larvicidal efficacy against A. aegypti larvae, with an LC₅₀ value of 18.80 µg/ml. The nHF exhibited the highest repellent activity, achieving 88.07% repellency at 2% concentration after 3 h. Terpenoids, detected through TLC with an R_f value of 0.58, were further analyzed using Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), revealing o-cymene, a monoterpene derivative with potential larvicidal and repellent properties.

Conclusion: Marigold flowers have the potential for development as a natural larvicide against A. aegypti larvae and as a mosquito repellent.

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