GC-MS (GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY - MASS SPECTROMETRY) ANALYSIS SEED KEBIUL (CAESALPINIA BONDUC (L) ROXB)

DENSI SELPIA SOPIANTI; MUCHSIN DOEWES; TATAR SUMANDJAR; ETI PONCORINI PAMUNGKASARI; PARAMASARI DIRGAHAYU; RATIH PUSPITA FEBRINASARI

doi:10.22159/ijap.2026v18i1.55764

Authors

DENSI SELPIA SOPIANTI Doctoral Program of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia. Jalan Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta Jawa-57126, Tengah Indonesia. Department of Pharmacy, Sekolah Tinggi Kesehatan Al-Fatah, Bengkulu, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0616-5386
MUCHSIN DOEWES Doctoral Program of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia. Jalan Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta Jawa-57126, Tengah Indonesia. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
TATAR SUMANDJAR Doctoral Program of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia. Jalan Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta Jawa-57126, Tengah Indonesia. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
ETI PONCORINI PAMUNGKASARI Doctoral Program of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia. Jalan Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta Jawa-57126, Tengah Indonesia. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
PARAMASARI DIRGAHAYU Doctoral Program of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia. Jalan Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta Jawa-57126, Tengah Indonesia. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
RATIH PUSPITA FEBRINASARI Doctoral Program of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia. Jalan Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta Jawa-57126, Tengah Indonesia. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9767-3284

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2026v18i1.55764

Keywords:

Active compound, Caesalpinia bonduc (L) Roxb, GC-MS analysis

Abstract

Objective: Kebiul (Caesalpinia bonduc (L) Roxb) is one of the medicinal plants that plays an important role in treating various diseases, but this plant is vulnerable to extinction. This study aims to explore the possibility of various biological compounds in the ethanol extract of the seed kernel and seed coat of kebiul using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.

Methods: The seed coat was removed from the kernel of the kebiul seed. After being ground into a powder, the seed kernel and seed coat were dried in an oven set to 40°C for 1 h, and grinding them into a fine powder. The powder was soaked in 70% ethanol at a 1:10 (w/v) ratio for 3 days at room temperature, with occasional stirring. The chemical composition of secondary metabolite in the ethanol extracts of both the seed kernel and seed coat of kebiul was analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) instrumentation (ID ISQD1702517_1) at a temperature of 25.30°C and humidity of 35%.

Results: In this GC-MS analysis, 87 bioactive phytochemical compounds were identified in the ethanol extract of seed kernel and 50 bioactive phytochemical compounds were identified in the ethanol extract of seed coat. Seven chemicals in the seed kernel ethanol extract obtained the highest relative peak area (>2%) from each chromatogram, with the highest compound at a retention time of 19.93 min, namely 6-Octadecenoic acid, and three compounds in the seed coat ethanol extract obtained the highest relative peak area (>2%) in this investigation, with the highest compound at a retention time of 19.65 min, namely 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-.

Conclusion: GC-MS analysis identified 87 phytochemical compounds were identified in the ethanol extract of kebiul seed kernel and 50 phytochemical compounds were identified in the ethanol extract of kebiul seed coat.

Keywords: Active compound, Caesalpinia bonduc (L) Roxb, GC-MS analysis.

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