PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF HIBISCUS ROSA SINENSIS FLOWERS IN RATS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2026v18i1.8027Keywords:
Ethanolic extract of Hibiscus rosa sinensis flowers, Alcoholic extract, Hydrated rats, Diuretic activity, Metabolic cageAbstract
Objective: To evaluate the diuretic activity of the ethanolic extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flowers in albino rats.
Methods: The study used the Lipschitz test to assess diuretic activity in rats divided into four groups: control, standard (Frusemide 10 mg/kg), and test groups receiving extract doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg. Urine was collected from all rats placed in metabolic cages, with parameters such as urine volume, pH, and concentrations of sodium, potassium, and chloride measured over 5 to 24 h.
Results: The ethanolic extract significantly increased urine output and the excretion of sodium, potassium, and chloride at both tested doses, with the higher dose showing effects comparable to the standard diuretic Frusemide. No significant alteration in urine pH was observed.
Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flowers demonstrated dose-dependent diuretic activity and elevated electrolyte excretion, supporting its potential as a safe, orally active diuretic agent for further pharmacological research
Downloads
References
1. Dehkordi FR, Kamkhah AF. Antihypertensive effect of Nigella sativa seed extract in patients with mild hypertension. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2008;22(4):447-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2008.00607.x, PMID 18705755.
2. Zarei MH, Lorigooini Z, Amini Khoei H, Bijad E. Acute oral toxicity assessment of galbanic acid in albino rat according to OECD 425 TG. Toxicol Rep. 2023 July 6;11:111-5. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.07.001, PMID 37456531, PMCID PMC10345851.
3. Cleveland Clinic. Diuretics overview. Cleveland OH: Cleveland Clinic. Available from: http://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs_devices_supplements/hic_diuretics. [Last accessed on 28 Sep 2025].
4. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Diuretics. Available from: https://bnf.nice.org.uk/treatment-summary/diuretics.html. [Last accessed on 28 Sep 2025].
5. Hobson RM, Maughan RJ. Hydration status and the diuretic action of a small dose of alcohol. Alcohol Alcohol. 2010;45(4):366-73. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agq029, PMID 20497950.
6. Sachdewa A, Khemani LD. Effect of Hibiscus rosa sinensis Linn. Ethanol flower extract on blood glucose and lipid profile in streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2003 Nov 1;89(1):61-6. doi: 10.1016/S0378-8741(03)00230-7, PMID 14522433.
7. Jimenez Ferrer E, Alarcon Alonso J, Aguilar Rojas A, Zamilpa A, Jimenez Ferrer CI, Tortoriello J. Diuretic effect of compounds from Hibiscus sabdariffa by modulation of the aldosterone activity. Planta Med. 2012;78(18):1893-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1327864, PMID 23150077.
8. Kreydiyyeh SI, Usta J. Diuretic effect and mechanism of action of parsley. J Ethnopharmacol. 2002;79(3):353-7. doi: 10.1016/S0378-8741(01)00408-1, PMID 11849841.
9. Ghadigaonkar S. Evaluation of antibacterial activity of ethanolic and aqueous leaf extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis in mice. J Pharm Innov. 2023;12(1):27-30. doi: 10.22271/tpi.2023.v12.i1a.18010.
10. Leong XF, Rais Mustafa M, Jaarin K. Nigella sativa and its protective role in oxidative stress and hypertension. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:120732. doi: 10.1155/2013/120732, PMID 23533459.
11. Mayo Clinic Staff. Edema definition. Rochester MN: Mayo Clinic. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/edema/basics/definition/con-20033037. [Last accessed on 28 Sep 2025].
12. Vysakh A, Jayesh K, Helen LR, Jyothis M, Latha MS. Acute oral toxicity and anti-inflammatory evaluation of methanolic extract of Rotula aquatica roots in Wistar rats. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2020;11(1):45-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2017.09.007, PMID 30120055, PMCID PMC7125367.
13. Sayana SB, Khanwelkar CC, Nimmagadda VR, Dasi JM, Chavan VR, Kutani A. Evaluation of diuretic activity of alcoholic extract of roots of Cissampelos pareira in albino rats. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014;8(5):HC01-4. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/8192.4350, PMID 24995192, PMCID PMC4080013.
14. Sundaresan PK, Prabhakaran SS, Palappallil DS, Chellappan D. Diuretic activity of ethanolic extract of whole plant of Sphaeranthus indicus Linn in albino rats. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol. 2017;6(2):265-70. doi: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20164850.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.