MELATONIN: A FORGOTTEN MOLECULE TO PROTECT AGAINST SARS-COV-2 MEDIATED CARDIO-RESPIRATORY DISORDER

ABHIJIT GHOSH; SUBHAMOY BANERJEE; SHASHANKA DEBNATH; ARNAB KUMAR GHOSH

doi:10.22159/ijpps.2025v17i8.54583

Authors

ABHIJIT GHOSH School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Department of Life Science-Microbiology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal-Main Campus, NH-12 (Old NH-34), Simhat, Haringhata, Nadia, West Bengal-741249, India https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2115-5741
SUBHAMOY BANERJEE School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Department of Life Science-Microbiology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal-Main Campus, NH-12 (Old NH-34), Simhat, Haringhata, Nadia, West Bengal-741249, India https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5750-6659
SHASHANKA DEBNATH Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics-M. Tech Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana-500046, India https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7523-2555
ARNAB KUMAR GHOSH School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology-Main Campus, NH-12 (Old NH-34), Simhat, Haringhata, Nadia, West Bengal-741249, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4465-0799

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2025v17i8.54583

Keywords:

COVID-19, melatonin, Myocardial ischemia, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory

Abstract

The worldwide pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains the worst disaster that modern times have experienced thus far. The dangerous virus has killed over a million individuals. The virulent virus destroys those individuals suffering from heart problems, along with their existing medical conditions. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) functions as the virus that causes COVID-19 and demonstrates fatal consequences on alveolar and cardiovascular performance, especially within hypertensive populations. Wild reactive oxygen species (ROS) develop throughout the process. The main role of the endogenous pineal gland-produced hormone melatonin is to regulate circadian rhythm patterns in all mammalian organisms and other vertebrate species. This molecule, with extensively reported antioxidant potential, is gradually decreasing in our bodies due to stress. Recent reports highlight its cardio-protective action in myocardial ischemia through receptor-dependent and also receptor-independent antioxidant mechanism(s). Furthermore, its effect on anti-inflammatory signaling pathways in cardiac diseases without any side effects intrigued us to consider it as a possible therapeutic agent against COVID-19-induced myocardial ischemia. This publication demonstrates, through molecular mechanisms, that melatonin functions as a promising therapeutic compound for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. The development of these melatonin-producing activities will generate additional physician availability to provide quality medical care to patients while upholding their health status.

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