ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BARLERIA GRANDIFLORA LEAF EXTRACTS WITH EXPLORATION OF PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS

MALTI SAO; JAYA SHREE; RAJESH CHOUDHARY

doi:10.22159/ijpps.2025v17i9.55437

Authors

MALTI SAO Shri Shankaracharya College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shri Shankaracharya Professional University, Bhilai-490020, Chhattisgarh, India https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9029-4692
JAYA SHREE Shri Shankaracharya College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shri Shankaracharya Professional University, Bhilai-490020, Chhattisgarh, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1191-2481
RAJESH CHOUDHARY Shri Shankaracharya College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shri Shankaracharya Professional University, Bhilai-490020, Chhattisgarh, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-3613

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2025v17i9.55437

Keywords:

Barleria grandiflora, Anti-inflammatory activity, Antioxidant Activity, DPPH assay, Phytochemical analysis

Abstract

Objective: The Barleria grandiflora Dalz (Acanthaceae), known as Shwet keshariya and Dev Koranti, is widely used in Indian traditional medicine. The study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of B. grandiflora leaf extracts along with pharmacognostic and phytochemical analysis.

Methods: The present study included macroscopical, microscopical, phytochemical, and physicochemical analysis to standardize the plant materials. Fresh leaves were taken for morphological and microscopical studies. Total ash value, water-soluble ash, and acid-insoluble ash were determined. Loss on drying and a study of foreign organic matter were carried out. Phytochemical analysis was performed using chemical reactions, UV-visible spectrophotometers, and HPLC methods. Phenolic compounds and flavonoid contents were quantified using gallic acid and rutin equivalence methods. In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of leaf extracts (aqueous: BGAE, ethanolic: BGEE, and petroleum ether: BGPE) was assessed by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) assay, respectively.

Results: The qualitative phytochemical analysis demonstrated that BGAE and BGEE contain phenolic and flavonoids as the major phytoconstituents. The BGEE showed significant (P<0.05) higher contents of phenolic and flavonoids than BGAE and BGPE. Results showed that B. grandiflora leaf extracts showed considerable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. IC₅₀ values of BGAE, BGEE, and BGPE for the DPPH assay were found to be 221.6±7.92, 181.1±5.37, and 322.4±10.79 µg/ml, respectively, and IC₅₀ values of BGAE, BGEE, and BGPE for the BSA assay were found to be 145.7±4.12, 74.03±7.15, and 194.6±3.51 μg/ml, respectively.

Conclusion: The results showed that BGEE had better antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity as compared to BGAE and BGPE. These effects might be due to the presence of higher phenolic and flavonoid contents. The current study showed a significant impact of data that helped determine the plant's identity, purity, and effectiveness, giving society access to effective and affordable medicine for use in the future.

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