FORMULATION OF ANTI-DIABETIC ULCER GEL ENRICHED WITH ALOE VERA EXTRACT AND FISH COLLAGEN: AN IN VIVO STUDY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2025v17i4.51149Keywords:
Aloe vera, Collagen, Diabetic, Gels, Ulcer, WoundAbstract
Objective: Diabetic ulcers are a common complication of diabetes mellitus, with a significantly increased risk of infection, delayed healing, and potential limb amputation. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a novel anti-diabetic ulcer gel containing Aloe vera extract and fish collagen, focusing on its formulation, stability, and wound healing efficacy in a diabetic rat model.
Methods: Aloe vera extract and fish collagen were extracted and characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for collagen verification and antioxidant testing for Aloe vera. Three different gel formulations (F1, F2, F3) were prepared and assessed for homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and stability over 12 w at varying temperatures. The in vivo study was conducted using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats to evaluate wound healing efficacy, with wound size reduction, histopathological analysis (fibroblast proliferation and collagen density), and statistical comparisons performed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with GraphPad Prism 9.
Results: Aloe vera extract demonstrated strong antioxidant properties, with an half-maximal inhibitory concentration IC50 value of 39.976 μg/ml. Fish collagen met standard collagen characteristics based on FTIR analysis, confirming its structural integrity. The gel formulations remained stable over 12 w, maintaining homogeneity, pH, and viscosity within acceptable ranges. In vivo experiments showed that rats treated with Formula F2 (Group 4) exhibited the highest wound healing rate, achieving 100% wound closure by day 12. Fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition were significantly higher in the F2-treated group compared to control groups (p<0.05). Histopathological analysis confirmed enhanced tissue regeneration and reduced inflammation, demonstrating the gel’s effectiveness in accelerating diabetic wound healing.
Conclusion: The combination of Aloe vera and fish collagen in a gel formulation effectively accelerates diabetic wound healing, demonstrating antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and tissue-regenerative properties.
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