NANOTECHNOLOGY REVOLUTION IN TREATING VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDIASIS: A BREAKTHROUGH BEYOND CONVENTIONAL THERAPIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2025v17i6.54550Keywords:
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), Nanotechnology, Nano-drugs, Candida species, Drug resistance, Toxicity, Targeted drug deliveryAbstract
Vulvovaginal candidiasis is an extremely common infection; millions of women all over the world are affected. The main etiologic agent responsible for its development is Candida albicans. It is characterize by burning, itching and the presence of a thick and white discharge. VVC may be divided into two categories: simple and complex. Recurring forms of the disease pose difficult challenges to clinical management. An ability to form Candida biofilms on vaginal mucosa may be one of the reasons for the development of resistant infections, further increasing resistance towards treatment. The complications in managing infection due to the constantly rising resistance of Candida to commonly used antifungal drugs call for alternative therapies. The conventional methods of treatments, which include topical and oral antifungals, too often result in limited success with recurrence or side effects against such resistant strains. Nanotechnology therefore presents a promising alternative, as Nano-drug delivery systems enhance localized drug delivery by allowing more precise targeting of fungal cells. It can, therefore, overcome the resistance and deficiencies of the conventional mode of therapy. Various studies continue in nano medicine to develop better therapies in order to handle VVC with better outcome and management.
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