DEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF ORGANOPHOSPHORUS POISONING CASES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

SAJJAD HUSSAIN; INDU BALA MATHUR; V. PAL

doi:10.22159/ijcpr.2025v17i6.8005

Authors

SAJJAD HUSSAIN Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, PCMS and RC, Bhopal (MP) India
INDU BALA MATHUR Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Mahaveer Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
V. PAL Department of Human Anatomy, PCMS and RC Bhopal (MP), India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2025v17i6.8005

Keywords:

Organophosphorus, Demographics, Poisoning

Abstract

Objective: To assess the demographic patterns, clinical manifestations, and prognosis of patients admitted for organophosphorus poisoning in a tertiary care institution.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over a 12 mo period at a tertiary care institution. Data pertaining to patient demographics, presenting clinical features, and subsequent clinical outcomes were meticulously recorded and analyzed.

Results: A total of 161 patients with acute organophosphorus poisoning were studied. The majority 39.75% were aged 21–30 y, followed by 29.19% in below 20 y age group. Males accounted for 61.49% of cases, while females made up 38.51%. Most patients 77.64% were from rural areas. Clinical manifestations included miosis in 60.25%, nausea in 25.47%, vomiting in 20.50%, and diarrhea in 11.80% of cases. The overall mortality rate was 31.06%, with 68.94% of patients surviving.

Conclusion: The highest incidence of organophosphorus poisoning was observed in the 21–30 y age group. Males were predominantly affected, with a significantly higher number of cases reported in rural areas. Common symptoms included nausea and vomiting, while miosis was the most frequent clinical sign. The mortality rate was high, highlighting the importance of early recognition and timely management to improve patient outcomes.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. Agarwal SB. A clinical biochemical neurobehavioral and sociopsychological study of 190 patients admitted to hospital as a result of acute organophosphorus poisoning. Environ Res. 1993;62(1):63-70. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1993.1089, PMID 8325267.

2. Davies JO, Eddleston M, Buckley NA. Predicting outcome in acute organophosphorus poisoning with a poison severity score or the glasgow coma scale. QJM. 2008;101(5):371-9. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcn014, PMID 18319295.

3. Srivastava A, Peshin SS, Kaleekal T, Gupta SK. An epidemiological study of poisoning cases reported to the National Poisons Information Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2005;24(6):279-85. doi: 10.1191/0960327105ht527oa, PMID 16004194.

4. Hulse EJ, Davies JO, Simpson AJ, Sciuto AM, Eddleston M. Respiratory complications of organophosphorus nerve agent and insecticide poisoning. Implications for respiratory and critical care. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014;190(12):1342-54. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201406-1150CI.

5. Gannur DG, Maka P, Narayan Reddy KS. Organophosphorus compound poisoning in Gulbarga region a five-year study. Indian J Forensic Med Toxicol. 2008;2(1):1-4.

6. Nigam M, Kumar Jain AK, Dubey BP, Sharma VK. Trends of organophosphorus poisoning in Bhopal region an autopsy-based study. J Indian Acad Forensic Med. 2004;26(2):62-5. doi: 10.1177/0971097320040207.

7. Kar SM, Timsinha S, Agrawal P. An epidemiological study of organophosphorus poisoning at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. J Indian Acad Forensic Med. 2010;32(2):108-9. doi: 10.1177/0971097320100205.

8. Karki P, Hansdak SG, Bhandari S, Shukla A, Koirala SA. A clinico-epidemiological study of organophosphorus poisoning at a rural-based Teaching Hospital in Eastern Nepal. Trop Doct. 2001;31(1):32-4. doi: 10.1177/004947550103100112, PMID 11205599.

9. Sahin HA, Sahin I, Arabaci F. Sociodemographic factors in organophosphate poisonings: a prospective study. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2003;22(7):349-53. doi: 10.1191/0960327103ht376oa, PMID 12929724.

10. Banday TH, Tathineni B, Desai MS, Naik V. Predictors of morbidity and mortality in organophosphorus poisoning: a case study in rural hospital in Karnataka, India. N Am J Med Sci. 2015;7(6):259-65. doi: 10.4103/1947-2714.159331, PMID 26199922.

11. Jaga K, Dharmani C. The interrelation between organophosphate toxicity and the epidemiology of depression and suicide. Rev Environ Health. 2007;22(1):57-73. doi: 10.1515/REVEH.2007.22.1.57, PMID 17508698.

12. Pradhan M, Rani R, Sinha AK. Clinical profile and outcome of organophosphorus poisoning in a Tertiary Care Centre in Jharkhand, India. J Clin Diagn Res. 2018;12(5):OC01-4.

13. Peter JV, Sudarsan TI, Moran JL. Clinical features of organophosphate poisoning: a review of different classification systems and approaches. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2014;18(11):735-45. doi: 10.4103/0972-5229.144017, PMID 25425841.

14. Mohan V, Tiwaskar M, Unnikrishnan R. Air pollution: a new cause of type 2 diabetes. J Assoc Physicians India. 2024;72(5):11-2. doi: 10.59556/japi.72.0540, PMID 38881102.

15. Diwakar TN, Maiya S. Clinico-epidemiological profile of patients with organophosphorus poisoning. J Clin Diagn Res. 2023;12(3):OC01-4. doi: 10.36106/ijsr.