STUDIES ON THE AFLATOXIGENIC AND AFLATOXIN PROFILE OF ADANSONIA DIGITATA LEAVES DRIED UNDER DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijls.2025v13.53755Keywords:
Kuka, Aflatoxins, Aflatoxigenic fungi, proximate analysis, MycotoxinsAbstract
Objectives: Isolation, identification, proximate analysis, and mineral composition profiling of aflatoxigenic fungi and aflatoxin B1 associated with dried baobab leaves (Kuka) (Adansonia digitata) dried at different temperatures Marketed in Sokoto metropolis. Nigeria.
Methods: The fungi associated with the oven-dried Kuka were analyzed using standard mycological methods. The total aflatoxin levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The proximate compositions of oven-dried A. digitata leaves dried at temperatures of 180°C, 220°C, 250°C, and 270°C were determined using the AOAC method. The sodium, phosphorus, and potassium levels were determined using a flame photometer, and calcium and magnesium through the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid titration method.
Results: A. digitata leaves dried at 270°C had the highest ash, crude lipid, crude fiber, and crude proteins with values 12.5, 5.5, 18.0, and 15.84, respectively. Similarly, A. digitata leaves dried at 180°C also had a high carbohydrate content of 54.70. From the results, A. digitata leaves dried at 220°C had high sodium and magnesium values of 12.5 and 23.40, respectively. A. digitata leaves dried at 250°C had high sodium, potassium, and phosphorus values of 12.5, 900, and 6.8, respectively, while A. digitata leaves dried at 270°C had a high calcium value of 19.20. The fungal species identified in oven-dried A. digitata leaves included Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, and Rhizopus stolonifera. Among these, A. niger showed the highest percentage occurrence at 40% (4 out of 10), while R. stolonifera had the lowest occurrence at 10% (1 out of 10).
Conclusion: In this research, Kuka sourced from home recorded the highest total aflatoxin concentration at 40 ppb, whereas the leaves dried at 250°C exhibited the lowest concentration at 20 ppb. The findings suggest that drying temperature may influence the overall aflatoxin profile; however, it does not effectively eliminate aflatoxigenic fungi, highlighting the need for improved storage conditions.
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