CARDIOPROTECTIVE HERBS: AN UPDATED REVIEW

RAHUL; AJEET PAL SINGH; AMAR PAL SINGH

doi:10.22159/ijcpr.2025v17i4.7013

Authors

RAHUL Department of Pharmacology, St. Soldier Institute of Pharmacy, Lidhran Campus, Behind NIT (R. E. C.), Jalandhar –Amritsar by pass, NH-1, Jalandhar-144011, Punjab, India
AJEET PAL SINGH Department of Pharmacology, St. Soldier Institute of Pharmacy, Lidhran Campus, Behind NIT (R. E. C.), Jalandhar –Amritsar by pass, NH-1, Jalandhar-144011, Punjab, India
AMAR PAL SINGH Department of Pharmacology, St. Soldier Institute of Pharmacy, Lidhran Campus, Behind NIT (R. E. C.), Jalandhar –Amritsar by pass, NH-1, Jalandhar-144011, Punjab, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2025v17i4.7013

Keywords:

Cardioprotective, Medicinal plants, Phytoconstituents, Cardiovascular disease

Abstract

"All mechanisms and ways that maintain the heart by reducing" comprise cardioprotective measures. Phytochemicals are natural bioactive molecules distinguished from other biochemicals because they exist naturally in fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants and have an impact on the treatment of numerous diseases. It is imperative to explore the pharmacological and therapeutic potential of biodiversity of plants. Diosgenin, isoflavones, sulforaphane, carotinized, catechin, and quercetin are examples of bioactive molecules that can increase the cardioprotective influences of certain cardioprotective plants and decrease the prevalence of cardiac abnormalities.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. Jay R, Umang H, Divyash K, Ankur K. Cardioprotective effect of methanolic extract of syzygium aromaticum on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rat. Asian J Pharmacol Toxicol. 2014;2(4):1-6.

2. Arya V, Gupta VK. Chemistry and pharmacology of plant cardioprotectives: a review. Int J Pharm Sci Res. 2011 May 1;2(5):1156.

3. Parasuraman S, Thing GS, Dhanaraj SA. Polyherbal formulation: concept of ayurveda. Pharmacogn Rev. 2014 Jul;8(16):73-80. doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.134229, PMID 25125878.

4. Zern TL, Fernandez ML. Cardioprotective effects of dietary polyphenols. J Nutr. 2005 Oct 1;135(10):2291-4. doi: 10.1093/jn/135.10.2291, PMID 16177184.

5. Dec GW. Digoxin remains useful in the management of chronic heart failure. Med Clin North Am. 2003;87(2):317-37. doi: 10.1016/s0025-7125(02)00172-4, PMID 12693728.

6. Neal B. Managing the global burden of cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J Suppl. 2002;4:F2-6. doi: 10.1016/S1520-765X(02)90022-2.

7. Reddy KS. Cardiovascular diseases in the developing countries: dimensions determinants, dynamics and directions for public health action. Public Health Nutr. 2002 Feb;5(1A):231-7. doi: 10.1079/phn2001298, PMID 12027289.

8. Das DK. Natural products and healthy heart. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2009;54(5):366-8. doi: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e3181c6eeef, PMID 19998522.

9. Patil BS, Kanthe PS, Reddy CR, Das KK. Emblica officinalis (Amla) ameliorates high-fat diet-induced alteration of cardiovascular pathophysiology. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem. 2019;17(1):52-63. doi: 10.2174/1871525717666190409120018, PMID 30963985.

10. Priya LB, Baskaran R, Elangovan P, Dhivya V, Huang CY, Padma VV. Tinospora cordifolia extract attenuates cadmium-induced biochemical and histological alterations in the heart of male wistar rats. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Mar;87:280-7. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.098, PMID 28063409.

11. Pastorino G, Cornara L, Soares S, Rodrigues F, Oliveira MB. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): a phytochemical and pharmacological review. Phytother Res. 2018;32(12):2323-39. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6178, PMID 30117204.

12. Ojha S, Golechha M, Kumari S, Bhatia J, Arya DS. Glycyrrhiza glabra protects from myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by improving hemodynamic biochemical histopathological and ventricular function. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2013;65(1-2):219-27. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.08.011, PMID 21975080.

13. Dwivedi S, Chopra D. Revisiting terminalia arjuna an ancient cardiovascular drug. J Tradit Complement Med. 2014;4(4):224-31. doi: 10.4103/2225-4110.139103, PMID 25379463.

14. Visavadiya NP, Narasimhacharya AV. Hypocholesteremic and antioxidant effects of Withania somnifera (Dunal) in hypercholesteremic rats. Phytomedicine. 2007;14(2-3):136-42. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2006.03.005, PMID 16713218.

15. Suchalatha S, Srinivasan P, Devi CS. Effect of Terminalia chebula on mitochondrial alterations in experimental myocardial injury. Chem Biol Interact. 2007;169(3):145-53. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2007.06.034, PMID 17678884.

16. Kubavat JB, Asdaq SM. Role of Sida cordifolia L. leaves on biochemical and antioxidant profile during myocardial injury. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009;124(1):162-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.04.004, PMID 19527827.

17. Reshma PL, Binu P, Anupama N, Vineetha RC, Abhilash S, Nair RH. Pretreatment of Tribulus terrestris L. causes anti-ischemic cardioprotection through MAPK-mediated anti-apoptotic pathway in rat. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Mar 1;111:1342-52. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.01.033, PMID 30841448.

18. Karmakar UK, Rahman KS, Biswas NN, Islam MA, Ahmed MI, Shill MC. Antidiarrheal, analgesic and antioxidant activities of Trapa bispinosa roxb. fruits. Res J Pharm Technol. 2011;4(2):294-7.

19. Physician’s Desk Reference. 43rd ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Publishing Company; 1989. p. 1648.

20. Rossier MF, Python CP, Capponi AM, Schlegel W, Kwan CY, Vallotton MB. Blocking T-type calcium channels with tetrandrine inhibits steroidogenesis in bovine adrenal glomerulosa cells. Endocrinology. 1993;132(3):1035-43. doi: 10.1210/endo.132.3.8382595, PMID 8382595.

21. Kawashima K, Hayakawa T, Miwa Y, Oohata H, Suzuki T, Fujimoto K. Structure and hypotensive activity relationships of tetrandrine derivatives in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Gen Pharmacol. 1990 Jan 1;21(3):343-7. doi: 10.1016/0306-3623(90)90835-a, PMID 2187737.

22. Kuramochi T, Chu J, Suga T. Gou-teng (from Uncaria rhynchophylla Miquel) induced endothelium-dependent and independent relaxations in the isolated rat aorta. Life Sci. 1994;54(26):2061-9. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(94)00715-2, PMID 8208063.

23. Jaffe AM, Gephardt D, Courtemanche L. Poisoning due to ingestion of Veratrum viride (false hellebore). J Emerg Med. 1990;8(2):161-7. doi: 10.1016/0736-4679(90)90226-l, PMID 2362117.

24. Ody P. The complete medicinal herbal. New York: Dorling Kindersley; 1993.

25. Lei XL, Chiou GC. Cardiovascular pharmacology of panax notoginseng (burk) F.H. chen and salvia miltiorrhiza. Am J Chin Med. 1986;14(3-4):145-52. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X86000235, PMID 3799531.

26. Steiner M, Khan AH, Holbert D, Lin RI. A double-blind crossover study in hypercholesterolemic men that compared the effect of aged garlic ex-tract and placebo administration on blood lipids. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996 Dec;64(6):866-70. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/64.6.866.

27. Singh V, Kaul S, Chander R, Kapoor NK. Stimulation of low density lipoprotein receptor activity in liver membrane of guggulsterone-treated rats. Pharmacol Res. 1990;22(1):37-44. doi: 10.1016/1043-6618(90)90741-u, PMID 2330337.

28. Nityanand S, Srivastava JS, Asthana OP. Clinical trials with gugulipid a new hypolipidaemic agent. J Assoc Physicians India. 1989;37(5):323-8. PMID 2693440.

29. Sundaram V, Hanna AN, Lubow GP, Koneru L, Falko JM, Sharma HM. Inhibition of low-density lipoprotein oxidation by oral herbal mixtures maharishi amrit kalash-4 and Maharishi Amrit Kalash-5 in hyperlipidemic patients. Am J Med Sci. 1997;314(5):303-10. doi: 10.1097/00000441-199711000-00007, PMID 9365332.

30. Senthilkumar GP, Moses MF, Sengottuvelu S, Rajarajan T, Saravanan G. Cardioprotective activity of garlic (Allium sativum) in isoproterenol induced rat myocardial necrosis: a biochemical and histoarchitectural evaluation. PCI- Approved-IJPSN. 1970;2(4):779-84. doi: 10.37285/ijpsn.2009.2.4.14.

31. Shanmugarajan T, Arunsundar M, Somasundaram I, Krishnakumar E, Sivaraman D, Ravichandiran V. Cardioprotective effect of Ficus hispida Linn on cyclophosphamide provoked oxidative myocardial injury in a rat model. Int J Pharmacol. 2008;4(2):78-87. doi: 10.3923/ijp.2008.78.87.

32. Velavan S, Selvarani S, Adhithan A. Cardioprotective effect of Trichopus zeylanicus against myocardial ischemia induced by isoproterenol in rats. Bangladesh J Pharmacol. 2009;4(2):88-91. doi: 10.3329/bjp.v4i2.1824.

33. Sailaja KV, Shivaranjani VL, Poornima H, Rahamathulla SB, Devi KL. Protective effect of Tribulus terrestris L. fruit aqueous extract on lipid profile and oxidative stress in isoproterenol-induced myocardial necrosis in male albino Wistar rats. Excli J. 2013 May 6;12:373-83. PMID 26417233.

34. Chakraborty M, Asdaq SM. Interaction of Semecarpus anacardium L. with propranolol against isoproterenol-induced myocardial damage in rats. Indian J Exp Biol. 2011;49(3):200-6. PMID 21452599.

35. Mehdizadeh R, Parizadeh MR, Khooei AR, Mehri S, Hosseinzadeh H. Cardioprotective effect of saffron extract and safranal in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in wistar rats. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2013;16(1):56-63. PMID 23638293.

36. Sharma M, Kishore K, Gupta SK, Joshi S, Arya DS. Cardioprotective potential of Ocimum sanctum in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Mol Cell Biochem. 2001;225(1):75-83. doi: 10.1023/a:1012220908636, PMID 11716367.

37. Kauser A, Shah SM, Iqbal N, Murtaza MA, Hussain I, Irshad A. In vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of methanolic extracts of selected indigenous medicinal plants. Prog Nutr. 2018 Dec 1;20(4):706-12. doi: 10.23751/pn.v20i4.7523.

38. Upaganlawar A, Balaraman R. Cardioprotective effects of lagenaria siceraria fruit juice on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in wistar rats: a biochemical and histoarchitecture study. J Young Pharm. 2011;3(4):297-303. doi: 10.4103/0975-1483.90241, PMID 22224036.

39. Senthil Kumar SH, Anandan R, Devaki T, Santhosh Kumar M. Cardioprotective effects of Picrorrhiza kurroa against isoproterenol-induced myocardial stress in rats. Fitoterapia. 2001;72(4):402-5. doi: 10.1016/s0367-326x(01)00264-7, PMID 11395263.

40. Beaulah A, Sadiq M, Sivakumar V, Santhi J. Cardioprotective activity of methanolic extract of Croton sparciflorus on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted wistar albino rats. J Med Plants Stud. 2014;2(6):1-8.

41. Peer PA, Trivedi PC, Nigade PB, Ghaisas MM, Deshpande AD. Cardioprotective effect of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. on isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Int J Cardiol. 2008;126(1):123-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.01.108, PMID 17467089.

42. Ahsan F, Siddiqui HH, Mahmood T, Srivastav RK, Nayeem A. Evaluation of cardioprotective effect of coleus forskohlii against isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction in rats. IJPBR. 2014;2(1):17-25. doi: 10.30750/ijpbr.2.1.3.

43. Yamashiro S, Noguchi K, Matsuzaki T, Miyagi K, Nakasone J, Sakanashi M. Cardioprotective effects of extracts from Psidium guajava L. and Limonium wrightii okinawan medicinal plants against ischemia reperfusion injury in perfused rat hearts. Pharmacology. 2003;67(3):128-35. doi: 10.1159/000067799, PMID 12571408.

44. Pragada RR, Veeravalli KK, Chowdary KP, Routhu KV. Cardioprotective activity of Hydrocotyle asiatica L. in ischemia-reperfusion induced myocardial infarction in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004;93(1):105-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2004.03.025, PMID 15182913.

45. Karthikeyan K, Bai BR, Gauthaman K, Sathish KS, Devaraj SN. Cardioprotective effect of the alcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna bark in an in vivo model of myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury. Life Sci. 2003;73(21):2727-39. doi: 10.1016/s0024-3205(03)00671-4, PMID 13679240.

46. Firoz M, Bharatesh K, Nilesh P, Vijay G, Tabassum S, Nilofar N. Cardioprotective activity of ethanolic extract of Callistemon lan-ceo latus leaves on doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in rats. Bangl J Pharmacol. 2011;6(1):38-45. doi: 10.3329/bjp.v6i1.8154.

47. Thippeswamy AH, Shirodkar A, Koti BC, Sadiq AJ, Praveen DM, Swamy AH. Protective role of Phyllantus niruri extract in doxorubicin induced myocardial toxicity in rats. Indian J Pharmacol. 2011 Jan 1;43(1):31-5. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.75663, PMID 21455418.

48. El Sayed EM, El Azeem AS, Afify AA, Shabana MH, Ahmed HH. Cardioprotective effects of Curcuma longa L. extracts against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. J Med Plants Res. 2011;5(17):4049-58.

49. Ashour OM, Abdel Naim AB, Abdallah HM, Nagy AA, Mohamadin AM, Abdel Sattar EA. Evaluation of the potential cardioprotective activity of some Saudi plants against doxorubicin toxicity. Z Naturforsch C J Biosci. 2012;67(5-6):297-307. doi: 10.1515/znc-2012-5-609, PMID 22888535.

50. Obouayeba AP, Meite S, Boyvin L, Yeo D, Kouakou TH, N Guessan JD. Cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory activities of a polyphenol-enriched extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa petal extracts in wistar rats. J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 2015;4(1):57-63.

51. Khan G, Haque SE, Anwer T, Ahsan MN, Safhi MM, Alam MF. Cardioprotective effect of green tea extract on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Acta Pol Pharm. 2014;71(5):861-8. PMID 25362815.

52. Liu C, Huang Y. Chinese herbal medicine on cardiovascular diseases and the mechanisms of action. Front Pharmacol. 2016 Dec 1;7:469. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00469, PMID 27990122.

CARDIOPROTECTIVE HERBS: AN UPDATED REVIEW

Authors

DOI:

Keywords:

Abstract

Downloads

References

Published

How to Cite

Issue

Section

Most read articles by the same author(s)